Daily archive

Refresh calendar

Pick a day and revisit the stories TechEveryday saved for you.

Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning · 5

Automation / Agentic Systems · 5

Research Papers · 4

Embedded Systems · 5

Computer Systems · 5

Developer Tools / Open Source · 5

Cloud / Infrastructure · 5

Archived section

Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning · 5

Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretraining

In this work, we present Canvas360, a two-stage framework for in-context panoramic generation that combines geometry-aware pretraining with downstream task-specific fine-tuning. To address the lack of large-scale, high-quality training data tailored to in-context panoramic tasks, we propose Canvas360Dataset, a collection of 1M high-quality paired panoramic samples for style transfer, inpainting, outpainting, and editing, enabling effective supervision across diverse in-context generation scenarios. On the modeling side, Canvas360 enhances text-to-panorama generation through parallel depth generation, velocity circular padding, and similarity loss regularization, enabling the model to learn geometry-aware representations, capture object distortion details, and improve geometric consistency and global coherence. Authors: Haoran Feng, Ruiyang Zhang, Longyi Zhang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning: In this work, we present Canvas360, a two-stage framework for in-context panoramic generation that combines geometry-aware pretraining with downstream task-specific fine-tuning.

Primary paperarxivcs.CV
Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

SLORR: Simple and Efficient In-Training Low-Rank Regularization

Low-rank factorization is widely used to compress neural networks, but modern models are often not naturally amenable to aggressive factorization without significant accuracy loss. Existing training-time low-rank regularizers can improve compressibility, but they often require SVDs of large weight matrices, modify the model architecture (introducing additional trainable parameters), or rely on stateful cached quantities. To address these limitations, we introduce SLORR, a simple, stateless, and architecture-preserving framework for in-training low-rank regularization, instantiated with two main variants based on the Hoyer sparsity metric and the nuclear norm. Authors: David González-Martínez, Shiwei Liu.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning: Low-rank factorization is widely used to compress neural networks, but modern models are often not naturally amenable to aggressive factorization without significant accuracy loss.

Primary paperarxivcs.LG
Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning
OpenAI Blog7/8/2026
Recently

Separating signal from noise in coding evaluations

A new analysis from OpenAI reveals issues in SWE-Bench Pro, a popular coding benchmark, raising concerns about reliability and accuracy in evaluating AI models.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning: A new analysis from OpenAI reveals issues in SWE-Bench Pro, a popular coding benchmark, raising concerns about reliability and accuracy in evaluating AI models.

Official sourceResearch
Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning
NVIDIA Technical Blog7/10/2026
Recently

Reducing High-Bandwidth Memory Bottlenecks in JAX-Based LLM Training with Host Offloading

Large language model (LLM) training workloads increasingly run into GPU memory limits before compute is fully used. Model weights, gradients, optimizer states,... Large language model (LLM) training workloads increasingly run into GPU memory limits before compute is fully used.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning: Large language model (LLM) training workloads increasingly run into GPU memory limits before compute is fully used.

Official source
Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning
arXiv7/8/2026
Recently

Selective Timestep Weighting and Advantage-Based Replay for Sample-Efficient Diffusion RLHF

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for aligning generative models with human preferences. However, applying RLHF to diffusion models remains highly feedback inefficient, as existing approaches typically require large amounts of human or reward model evaluations. This limitation reduces the practicality of diffusion RLHF in realworld settings where feedback is the primary bottleneck. Authors: Eric Zhu, Abhinav Shrivastava, Soumik Mukhopadhyay.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning: Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for aligning generative models with human preferences.

Primary paperarxivcs.LG

Archived section

Automation / Agentic Systems · 5

Automation / Agentic Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Workflow as Knowledge: Semantic Persistence for LLM-Mediated Workflows

Large language model (LLM) applications increasingly use explicit workflows for tool use, retrieval, branching, checkpointing, and human approval. Existing workflow systems already address many execution concerns. This paper proposes a Lisp-inspired but language-independent conceptual model: symbolic forms, object identity, and live-image thinking are used as explanatory lenses, not implementation commitments. Authors: Emanuele Quinto, Carlo Andrea Rozzi, Francesco Zanitti.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Automation / Agentic Systems: Large language model (LLM) applications increasingly use explicit workflows for tool use, retrieval, branching, checkpointing, and human approval.

Primary paperarxivcs.AI
Automation / Agentic Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

UniClawBench: A Universal Benchmark for Proactive Agents on Real-World Tasks

The rapid development of large language models and multimodal large language models has accelerated the emergence of proactive agents capable of operating everyday tools and assisting users in real-world environments. However, existing benchmarks struggle to evaluate such agents effectively, as they often rely on sandboxed environments and single-turn evaluation paradigms. Moreover, their scenario-based task taxonomies mix multiple model capabilities within the same task category, making it difficult to identify the root causes of agent failures. Authors: Zhekai Chen, Chengqi Duan, Kaiyue Sun.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Automation / Agentic Systems: The rapid development of large language models and multimodal large language models has accelerated the emergence of proactive agents capable of operating everyday tools and assisting users in real-world environments.

Primary paperarxivcs.CL
Automation / Agentic Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

SolarChain-Eval: A Physics-Constrained Benchmark for Trustworthy Economic Agents in Decentralized Energy Markets

As agentic AI systems are increasingly applied to cyber-physical environments, their evaluation requires assessment of both task performance and trustworthiness. In decentralized energy markets, autonomous agents may improve market utility, but may also exploit invalid physical data, create artificial liquidity, and produce unstable governance decisions. Therefore, we propose SolarChain-Eval, a physics-constrained benchmark for evaluating trustworthy economic agents. Authors: Shilin Ou, Yifan Xu, Luyao Zhang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Automation / Agentic Systems: As agentic AI systems are increasingly applied to cyber-physical environments, their evaluation requires assessment of both task performance and trustworthiness.

Primary paperarxivcs.AI
Automation / Agentic Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

HumanForge: A Human-Centric Deepfake Video Benchmark with Multi-Agent Forgery Rationales

Rapid advancements in video diffusion models and temporal editing tools have enabled the generation of highly realistic human-centric videos, posing unprecedented challenges to digital content forensics. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on either face-swapping or global text-to-video synthesis, overlooking the crucial dimensions of human-object or human-human interactions and multi-modal alignment. To address these limitations, we introduce HumanForge, a unified, large-scale, and multi-paradigm human-centric video forgery dataset. Authors: Wenbo Xu, Zhimin Chen, Xiaojie Liang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Automation / Agentic Systems: Rapid advancements in video diffusion models and temporal editing tools have enabled the generation of highly realistic human-centric videos, posing unprecedented challenges to digital content forensics.

Primary paperarxivcs.CV
Automation / Agentic Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

WebSwarm: Recursive Multi-Agent Orchestration for Deep-and-Wide Web Search

Large language model (LLM)-based web search agents are transforming information seeking from simple factoid question answering into complex, deep-and-wide search and research-oriented tasks. A single ReAct-style agent is constrained by one long trajectory and limited context, making it difficult to handle depth and coverage simultaneously. Existing multi-agent systems improve search coverage through parallel execution and aggregation, but still exhibit clear limitations in recursive depth, collaboration adaptability, and evidence-grounded expansion. Authors: Xiaoshuai Song, Liancheng Zhang, Kangzhi Zhao.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Automation / Agentic Systems: Large language model (LLM)-based web search agents are transforming information seeking from simple factoid question answering into complex, deep-and-wide search and research-oriented tasks.

Primary paperarxivcs.CL

Archived section

Research Papers · 4

Research Papers
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

How YouTube Frames ChatGPT Use in Education: An Epistemic Network Analysis with Supporting Multimodal Metadata

We examine educational YouTube videos through multimodal metadata, such as transcripts, titles, thumbnails, and viewer comments, to investigate how ChatGPT is framed across creator groups and how those framings relate to audience response and platform reach. Little is known about how large language models are presented to learners in informal, creator-driven public discourse. Following PRISMA, we selected 52 videos for analysis. Authors: Shayla Sharmin, Mohammad Al-Ratrout, Mohammad Fahim Abrar.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Research Papers: We examine educational YouTube videos through multimodal metadata, such as transcripts, titles, thumbnails, and viewer comments, to investigate how ChatGPT is framed across creator groups and how those framings relate to audience response and platform reach.

Primary paperarxivcs.HC
Research Papers
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Sculptable Mesh Structures for Room-Scale Form-Finding

It can be hard to design a physical structure entirely within the confines of a computer monitor. To better capture the interplay between real-world objects and a designer's work-in-progress, practitioners will often go through a sequence of low-fidelity prototypes (paper, clay, foam) before arriving at a form that satisfies both functional and aesthetic concerns. While necessary, this model-making process can be quite time-consuming, particularly at larger scales, and the resulting geometry can be difficult to translate into a CAD environment, where it will be further refined. Authors: Jesse T. Gonzalez, Yanzhen Zhang, Dian Zhu.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Research Papers: It can be hard to design a physical structure entirely within the confines of a computer monitor.

Primary paperarxivcs.HC
Research Papers
arXiv7/8/2026
Recently

Modeling Failure Dynamics in Time-Constrained Authentication Systems: Evidence of a Success Cliff in USSD Workflows

Time-constrained interactive systems such as USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data)-based financial services operate under strict session limits and sequential user interaction. While stronger authentication mechanisms improve security, they also increase interaction complexity and time burden, potentially reducing transaction completion. In this work, we model the failure dynamics of such systems and investigate how authentication complexity interacts with user response time and network round-trip time to influence session success rate. Authors: Aklile Seyoum Mamo, Amanuel Kebede, Anny Christelle Irakoze.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Research Papers: Time-constrained interactive systems such as USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data)-based financial services operate under strict session limits and sequential user interaction.

Primary paperarxivcs.CR
Research Papers
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

TRM-Raft: A Byzantine-Resistant Raft Consensus via Integrated Trust and Reputation Model

Internetware envisions autonomous software entities collaborating over the open Internet., service registries and blockchains. However, Raft assumes crash faults only, making it vulnerable to Byzantine behaviors like election forgery and log tampering. Authors: Jie Zhang, Xubo Fan, Xiaohong Li.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Research Papers: However, Raft assumes crash faults only, making it vulnerable to Byzantine behaviors like election forgery and log tampering.

Primary paperarxivcs.CR

Archived section

Embedded Systems · 5

Embedded Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

DexVerse: A Modular Benchmark for Multi-Task, Multi-Embodiment Dexterous Manipulation

Building general-purpose dexterous manipulation policies requires benchmarks that go beyond isolated tasks to systematically evaluate policies across diverse interaction modes, sensory conditions, and robot embodiments. However, existing benchmarks remain limited in task and data diversity, embodiment coverage, or controllable visual variation, hindering studies of cross-task and cross-embodiment generalization. We present DexVerse, a large-scale and modular benchmark for dexterous manipulation. Authors: Yunchao Yao, Zhuxiu Xu, Tianqi Zhang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Embedded Systems: Building general-purpose dexterous manipulation policies requires benchmarks that go beyond isolated tasks to systematically evaluate policies across diverse interaction modes, sensory conditions, and robot embodiments.

Primary paperarxivcs.RO
Embedded Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Robust Dynamic Operating Envelopes in Unbalanced Three-Phase Distribution Systems

This paper proposes a robust optimization formulation to calculate dynamic operating envelopes (DOEs) to safely operate unbalanced three-phase distribution systems. Unlike conventional formulations that satisfy network constraints only at the envelope bound, the robust formulation covers the entire envelope range. We formulate a robust non-linear programming (NLP) problem with the full AC power flow equations, as well as an approximate linear programming (LP) model. Authors: Wilhiam de Carvalho, Florin Capitanescu, Cyril Rasic.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Embedded Systems: proposes a robust optimization formulation to calculate dynamic operating envelopes (DOEs) to safely operate unbalanced three-phase distribution systems.

Primary paperarxiveess.SY
Embedded Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

ARDY: Autoregressive Diffusion with Hybrid Representation for Interactive Human Motion Generation

Generating realistic 3D human motions in real-time within interactive applications is key for animation, simulation, and humanoid robotics. While recent offline motion generation approaches offer precise control via text and kinematic constraints, they lack the inference speed required for interactive settings. Conversely, existing online methods enable real-time synthesis but often sacrifice controllability or struggle with complex text semantics and long-horizon goals due to limited context windows. Authors: Kaifeng Zhao, Mathis Petrovich, Haotian Zhang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Embedded Systems: Generating realistic 3D human motions in real-time within interactive applications is key for animation, simulation, and humanoid robotics.

Primary paperarxivcs.GR
Embedded Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Native Video-Action Pretraining for Generalizable Robot Control

The advent of video-action models offers a promising path for robot control. Nevertheless, we argue that repurposing video generative models designed for digital content creation is inherently inadequate for physical environments. 0, a video-action foundation model built from the ground up for embodiment. Authors: Qihang Zhang, Lin Li, Luyao Zhang.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Embedded Systems: The advent of video-action models offers a promising path for robot control.

Primary paperarxivcs.RO
Embedded Systems
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

Learning Adaptive Solvers for Distributed Factor Graph Optimization on Matrix Lie Groups

Modern robotic perception increasingly involves large-scale geometric optimization problems distributed across multiple robots or sessions. However, existing distributed solvers often depend on brittle hand tuning and primarily target rigid body pose graphs. To address this, we present DeepCORD, a learning-augmented framework for distributed factor graph optimization on general matrix Lie groups. Authors: Jaeho Shin, Maani Ghaffari, Yulun Tian.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Embedded Systems: Modern robotic perception increasingly involves large-scale geometric optimization problems distributed across multiple robots or sessions.

Primary paperarxivcs.RO

Archived section

Computer Systems · 5

Computer Systems
arXiv7/8/2026
Recently

ATLAS: Automated HLS for DL-Optimized FPGAs

FPGA architectures increasingly incorporate domain-specific in-fabric hardblocks to accelerate DL inference, particularly GEMM, which dominates DL computation. To realize the performance gains of these hardblocks, manual RTL design is required: the programmer must understand the hardblock microarchitecture, instantiate them in RTL, and manage tiling and control logic. While programming in C/C++ and using HLS tools has increased the abstraction level and productivity of FPGA engineers, HLS tools do not support code generation for custom hardblocks natively. Authors: Ruthwik Reddy Sunketa, Aman Arora.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Computer Systems: FPGA architectures increasingly incorporate domain-specific in-fabric hardblocks to accelerate DL inference, particularly GEMM, which dominates DL computation.

Primary paperarxivcs.AR
Computer Systems
LWN.net7/10/2026
Recently

QBE 1.3: metaprogramming, performance, and cross-platform support

QBE, a compact compiler backend developed by Quentin Carbonneaux, is a lightweight alternative to larger compiler backends such as LLVM and GCC. Designed to be small enough for a single developer to understand, QBE uses a static single-assignment (SSA) intermediate representation (IR), supports the C ABI, and serves as the backend for projects such as Hare and the cproc C11 compiler. Frontends emit the textual form of QBE's IR directly; QBE then takes care of register allocation, optimization, and native-code generation, producing assembly for the target architecture.

Why it matters

Read this for the concrete reporting in Computer Systems: QBE, a compact compiler backend developed by Quentin Carbonneaux, is a lightweight alternative to larger compiler backends such as LLVM and GCC.

Trusted source
Computer Systems
AWS Architecture Blog7/9/2026
Recently

Specification-driven composition for flexible data workflows

Specification-driven composition addresses a common scalability bottleneck in data pipelines. Data pipelines often start as simple scripts, but as they grow, you duplicate transformation logic and small changes cascade across multiple workflows. Copying and modifying data transformation logic across scripts leads to workflows that become difficult to manage at scale.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Computer Systems: Specification-driven composition addresses a common scalability bottleneck in data pipelines.

Official sourceAmazon OpenSearch ServiceAmazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
Computer Systems
Cloudflare Blog7/8/2026
Recently

Introducing Meerkat: an experiment in global consensus

Cloudflare Research is building a global consensus service called Meerkat that uses a new consensus algorithm called QuePaxa. We plan to use Meerkat to build a strongly consistent, fault-tolerant key-value store, and other applications.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Computer Systems: Cloudflare Research is building a global consensus service called Meerkat that uses a new consensus algorithm called QuePaxa.

Official sourceResearchNetwork
Computer Systems
Docker Blog7/8/2026
Recently

Your Laptop Is the New Production Environment

AI agents are changing software development. Learn why your laptop is becoming the new production environment and why runtime governance matters.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Computer Systems: Learn why your laptop is becoming the new production environment and why runtime governance matters.

Official sourceCommunityAI Agent

Archived section

Developer Tools / Open Source · 5

Developer Tools / Open Source
GitHub Engineering7/10/2026
Recently

Better tools made Copilot code review worse. Here's how we actually improved it.

How migrating Copilot code review to shared Unix-style code exploration tools reduced review cost by reshaping agent workflows around pull request evidence. The post Better tools made Copilot code review worse. Here's how we actually improved it.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Developer Tools / Open Source: How migrating Copilot code review to shared Unix-style code exploration tools reduced review cost by reshaping agent workflows around pull request evidence.

Official sourceAI & MLArchitecture & optimization
Developer Tools / Open Source
GitHub Engineering7/8/2026
Recently

Automating cross-repo documentation with GitHub Agentic Workflows

Explore how the Aspire team turns merged product changes into SME-reviewed docs pull requests, closing the gap between release and documentation. The post Automating cross-repo documentation with GitHub Agentic Workflows appeared first on The GitHub Blog.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Developer Tools / Open Source: Explore how the Aspire team turns merged product changes into SME-reviewed docs pull requests, closing the gap between release and documentation.

Official sourceAI & MLArchitecture & optimization
Developer Tools / Open Source
NVIDIA Technical Blog7/8/2026
Recently

Running Low-Latency Analytical Workloads with GPU-Accelerated Presto on NVIDIA GB200 NVL72

Presto is an open source, distributed SQL engine for running fast, interactive queries on very large datasets. On NVIDIA GPUs, Presto delivers peak performance... Presto is an open source, distributed SQL engine for running fast, interactive queries on very large datasets.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Developer Tools / Open Source: Presto is an open source, distributed SQL engine for running fast, interactive queries on very large datasets.

Official source
Developer Tools / Open Source
arXiv7/9/2026
Recently

ProjAgent: Procedural Similarity Retrieval for Repository-Level Code Generation

Repository-level code generation requires implementing target functions while accounting for complex cross-file dependencies and project-specific conventions. Existing retrieval methods predominantly rely on lexical, structural, or semantic similarity, often overlooking repository functions that implement similar procedural logic despite differing in identifiers or application domains. We propose ProjAgent, a repository-level code generation system that introduces procedural similarity as an explicit retrieval signal. Authors: QiHong Chen, Aaron Imani, Iftekhar Ahmed.

Why it matters

Read this for the paper's specific claim in Developer Tools / Open Source: Repository-level code generation requires implementing target functions while accounting for complex cross-file dependencies and project-specific conventions.

Primary paperarxivcs.SE
Developer Tools / Open Source
LWN.net7/8/2026
Recently

Progress in modernizing kernel cryptography

At the 2026 Linux Security Summit North America, Eric Biggers spoke about some of the problems with the kernel's cryptography framework, as well as the recent progress in adding library APIs to allow developers to use cryptographic functions without using the traditional crypto API. He walked through a couple of examples to demonstrate the frailty of the original API and showed how the new library API made life easier for developers and kernel maintainers.

Why it matters

Read this for the concrete reporting in Developer Tools / Open Source: At the 2026 Linux Security Summit North America, Eric Biggers spoke about some of the problems with the kernel's cryptography framework, as well as the recent progress in adding library APIs to allow developers to use cryptographic functions without using the traditional crypto API.

Trusted source

Archived section

Cloud / Infrastructure · 5

Cloud / Infrastructure
AWS Compute Blog7/10/2026
Recently

Secure code execution for AI agents with AWS Lambda MicroVMs

Development teams building serverless applications with AI coding agents face the question of how to let those agents generate and execute code without losing control over governance. Agent-generated code needs a secure environment to execute, isolated from production systems and the developer's local environment.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Cloud / Infrastructure: Development teams building serverless applications with AI coding agents face the question of how to let those agents generate and execute code without losing control over governance.

Official sourceAWS Lambda
Cloud / Infrastructure
AWS Compute Blog7/10/2026
Recently

Architecting for IOPS and throughput performance on AWS Outposts racks

AWS Outposts extend AWS infrastructure, services, APIs, and tools to on-premises locations for workloads that require low latency, local data processing, or data residency. In this post, you learn how to configure instances running on an Outpost to support the required IOPS and throughput for your application.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Cloud / Infrastructure: AWS Outposts extend AWS infrastructure, services, APIs, and tools to on-premises locations for workloads that require low latency, local data processing, or data residency.

Official sourceAWS Outposts
Cloud / Infrastructure
Cloudflare Blog7/9/2026
Recently

Why we cannot wait for better post-quantum signature algorithms

NIST is advancing nine new post-quantum signature algorithms as potential candidates for future standardization. We take a closer look at all of them, and argue that while they are in the works and show great potential, we should use ML-DSA for now — the best one currently available.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Cloud / Infrastructure: NIST is advancing nine new post-quantum signature algorithms as potential candidates for future standardization.

Official sourcePost-QuantumResearch
Cloud / Infrastructure
CNCF Blog7/8/2026
Recently

The CNCF Data Storage in Cloud Native AI White Paper

Deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) workloads at scale has become a primary objective for modern enterprises. However, moving these data-heavy, stateful workloads into cloud native infrastructure introduces massive data bottlenecks. To help organizations...

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Cloud / Infrastructure: Deploying Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) workloads at scale has become a primary objective for modern enterprises.

Official sourceBlogReport / Whitepaper
Cloud / Infrastructure
Microsoft Azure Blog7/8/2026
Recently

Built to bounce back: How Azure resiliency evolved

Cloud resiliency is about ensuring systems can adapt, recover, and keep functioning within real-world constraints. The post Built to bounce back: How Azure resiliency evolved appeared first on Microsoft Azure Blog.

Why it matters

Read this for the official technical update in Cloud / Infrastructure: Cloud resiliency is about ensuring systems can adapt, recover, and keep functioning within real-world constraints.

Official sourceDevOpsManagement and governance